Table 3 Summary of findings of trials to assess the effect of application of CHX to newborn鈥檚 umbilical cord
Quality Assessment | Summary of findings | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 听 | 听 | 听 | 听 | Generalizability | Number of cases | Pooled effect | ||
No. of studies | Design | Limitations | Consistency | Generalizability to Population of Interest | Generalizability to intervention of Interest | CHX | Control | Relative risk (95 % CI) |
Sepsis Specific mortality: GRADE quality: Low | ||||||||
1 | RCT | None | Only one trial reported data | All the participants were neonates | 4.0% chlorhexidine solution. | Only RR was reported in the published manuscript. | 0.69 (0.40-1.18) | |
All-Cause neonatal mortality: GRADE quality: Moderate | ||||||||
3 | RCT | All three included studies are well conducted community randomized trials. Intervention was not masked in two studies. | Direction of effect in favor of intervention in all three studies. There was moderate statistical heterogeneity (I2 =50%). | All the participants were neonates | All the studies used 4.0% chlorhexidine solution. Frequency of application was different in different study groups. | 670/29543 | 655/25072 | 0.77 (0.63-0.94) |
Incidence of omphalitis: Algorithm 1 GRADE quality: Moderate | ||||||||
3 | RCT | All three included studies are well conducted community randomized trials. Intervention was not masked in two studies. | Direction of effect in favor of intervention in all three studies. There was moderate statistical heterogeneity (I2 =34%). | All the participants were neonates | All the studies used 4.0% chlorhexidine solution. Frequency of application was different in different study groups. | Not applicable as data was pooled by generic inverse variance | Not applicable as data was pooled by generic inverse variance | 0.73 (0.64-00.83) |
Incidence of omphalitis: Algorithm 2 GRADE quality: High | ||||||||
3 | RCT | All three included studies are well conducted community randomized trials. Intervention was not masked in two studies. | Direction of effect in favor of intervention in all three studies. No statistical heterogeneity (I2 =0%). | All the participants were neonates | All the studies used 4.0% chlorhexidine solution. Frequency of application was different in different study groups. | Not applicable as data was pooled by generic inverse variance | Not applicable as data was pooled by generic inverse variance | 0.69 (0.60-0.79) |
Incidence of omphalitis: Algorithm 3 GRADE quality: High | ||||||||
3 | RCT | All three included studies are well conducted community randomized trials. Intervention was not masked in two studies. | Direction of effect in favor of intervention in all three studies. Small statistical heterogeneity (I2 =19 %). | All the participants were neonates | All the studies used 4.0% chlorhexidine solution. Frequency of application was different in different study groups. | Not applicable as data was pooled by generic inverse variance | Not applicable as data was pooled by generic inverse variance | 0.46 (0.32-0.66) |