Table 1 Characteristics of included studies
From: The effect of antiemetics in childhood gastroenteritis
Author | Year of publication | Country | Period of Intervention | Target population | Antiemetic | Route of administration | Dose and Frequency | Duration of Follow up | Study design |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Uhlig [19] | 2009 | Germany | December 2005 to May 2007 | Children 6 months to 6 years with suspected infectious gastroenteritis (<24 hours) with mild or no dehydration, 2 vomiting in 12 hours, > 7kg | Dimenhydrinate | Rectal Suppositories | <15kg 40mg, 15 to 25 kg 80mg, >25kg 120 mg | 18-24 hours after randomization, and 7-14 days after randomization | Double Blind, Prospective, Randomized, Placebo control, Multicenter |
Freedman [13] | 2006 | USA | January 2004 to April 2005 | Children 6 months to 10 years with vomiting or dehydration as a result of AGE and at least one episode of nonbilious vomiting, and no severe dehydration | Ondansetron | Oral | 8-15kg 2mg, 15-30kg 4mg, >30kg 8mg | day 3 and day 7 via telephone, last follow-up till max of 2 weeks | Double Blind, Prospective Placebo |
Ramsook [15] | 2002 | USA | 听 | Children 6 months to 12 years with clinically diagnosed AGE with 5 episodes of vomits in 24 hours | Ondansetron | Oral | 6 months to 1 year 1.6mg, 1 year to 3 years 3.2mg, 4 to 12 years 4mg | 24 and 48 hours | Double Blind, Prospective |
Roslund [17] | 2008 | USA | July 1, 2004, to August 1, 2005 | Children 1 to 10 years with AGE and mild to moderate dehydration who failed controlled oral challenge in ED | Ondansetron | Oral | <15kg 2mg, 15 to 23 kg 4mg, >30kg 6 mg | 1 week | Double Blind, Prospective |
Stork [20] | 2006 | USA | November 1999 and February 2005 | Children aged 6 months to 12 years, with more than three episodes of vomiting in the past 24 hours, mild/moderate dehydration, and failed oral hydration. Children with a history or physical examination findings inconsistent with the diagnosis of isolated acute viral gastritis were excluded | Ondansetron or dexamethasone with IVF | IV | dexamethasone 1 mg/kg (15 mg maximum), ondansetron 0.15 mg/kg | 2 hour follow-ups up to 48 hours | Double Blind, Prospective |
Yilmaz [18] | 2010 | Turkey | August 2003 and September 2004 | Children aged 5 months to 8 years who had nonbillious, nonbloody vomit at least 4 times in the last 6 hours, who could not tolerate ORT, at least four episodes of diarrhea in the previous 24 hours, and who had mild-to-moderate dehydration. Aetiology of acute gastroenteritis (viral, bacterial or amebic) was not taken into account in the patients included in the study. | Ondansetron | Oral | ondansetron 0.2 mg/ kg 8 hourly | 24 hours | Double blind, Prospective |
Cubeddu [12] | 1997 | Venezuela | 听 | 6 months to 8 years with spontaneous vomiting with in 1 hour and no severe dehydration | Ondansetron, metoclopramide | IV | ondansetron 0.3 mg/kg single dose, metoclopramide 0.3 mg/kg single dose | 24 hours | Double Blind, Prospective, parallel group, placebo |