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Table 1 Analysis of Key Variables from IDI using Frequency Table

From: Environmental, economic and socio-cultural risk factors of recurrent seasonal epidemics of cerebrospinal meningitis in Kebbi state, northwestern Nigeria: a qualitative approach

S/N

Variables

Settlement: Jandutsi

Settlement: Birnin Yari

Settlement: Sarkin Fada II

Settlement: Attagarawa

Frequency

1

Number of people per room

1–3: 3

1–3: 4

1–3: 3

1–3: 4

14

4–7: 4

4–7: 3

4–7: 4

4–7: 3

14

8–10: 3

8–10: 3

8–10: 3

8–10: 3

12

2

Number of rooms available for sleeping

1–3: 6

1–3: 4

1–3: 6

1–3: 4

20

4–7: 1

4–7: 3

4–7: 1

4–7: 2

7

8–10: 3

8–10: 3

8–10: 3

8–10: 4

13

3

Housing arrangement

Space between building: 1

Space between building: 4

Space between building: 3

Space between building: 2

10

Shared Toilet: 8

Shared Toilet: 5

Shared Toilet: 4

Shared Toilet: 4

21

Single use: 1

Single use: 1

Single use: 3

Single use: 4

9

4

Size of the window in the room

Small: 6

Small: 6

Small: 4

Small: 10

26

Medium:3

Medium: 3

Medium: 3

Medium: 0

12

Big: 0

Big: 0

Big: 2

Big: 0

2

5

Size of the window in the kitchen

Small: 8

Small:8

Small: 10

Small: 10

36

Big: 2

Big: 2

Big: 0

Big: 0

4

6

Location of kitchen

Close to the room: 5

Close to the room:5

Close to the room: 5

Close to the room: 5

20

Far from the room: 4

Far from the room: 4

Far from the room: 4

Far from the room: 4

16

Open Kitchen: 1

Open Kitchen:1

Open Kitchen: 1

Open Kitchen: 1

4

7

Type of cooking fuel used

Firewood: 10

Firewood: 5

Firewood: 10

Firewood/Millet Stalk: 10

35

ÌýÌýÌý

Gas:1

ÌýÌý

1

ÌýÌýÌý

Kerosene: 4

ÌýÌý

4

8

Neighbourhood wealth index

Middle class: 4

Middle class: 5

Middle Class: 7

Middle class: 3

18

Poor: 6

Poor: 5

Poor: 3

Poor: 7

22

9

Educational status

Western: 0

Western: 4

Western: 0

Western: 6

10

Qur’anic: 10

Qur’anic: 6

Qur’anic: 10

Qur’anic: 4

30

10

Social events

Market: 3

Market: 3

Market: 5

Market: 6

17

Wedding: 2

Wedding: 4

Wedding: 2

Wedding: 0

8

Naming ceremony: 2

Naming ceremony: 1

Naming ceremony: 0

Naming ceremony: 1

4

Funeral: 0

Funeral: 0

Funeral: 1

Funeral: 0

1

School: 2

School: 2

School:2

School: 0

6

Farm: 1

Farm: 0

Farm:0

Farm: 0

1

Majalisa: 0

Majalisa: 0

Majalisa: 0

Majalisa: 3

3

11

Often visits social gathering

Daily: 3

Daily: 4

Daily: 4

Daily: 5

16

2-3Ìýdays/week: 5

2-3Ìýdays/week: 2

2-3Ìýdays/week: 3

2-3Ìýdays/week: 3

13

4–7Ìýdays a week: 2

4–7Ìýdays a week: 4

4–7Ìýdays a week: 3

4–7Ìýdays a week: 2

11

12

Places for seeking health

Hospital: 1

Hospital: 6

Hospital: 3

Hospital: 10

20

PMV: 4

PMV: 3

PMV: 5

Ìý

12

Traditional: 1

Traditional: 1

Traditional: 2

Ìý

4

Health worker (Unregulated Practice): 4

Unregulated Practice: 0

Unregulated Practice: 0

Unregulated Practice: 0

4

13

What influences treatment

Money: 7

Money: 9

Money: 5

Money: 5

26

Severity of illness: 3

Severity of illness: 1

Severity of illness: 5

Severity of illness: 5

14

14

Who decides where to seek treatment

Father: 10

Father: 6

Father: 5

Father: 8

28

Mother: 0

Mother: 4

Mother: 5

Mother: 2

11

15

How early after onset of symptoms

Immediately: 9

Immediately: 6

Immediately: 8

Immediately: 1

24

Sometimes later: 1

Sometimes later: 4

Sometimes later: 2

Sometimes later: 9

16

16

Compliant to immunization

Yes:7

Yes: 8

Yes:7

Yes: 9

31

No: 3

No: 2

No: 3

No: 1

9

17

Isolation of cases

Isolate infected person: 8

Isolate infected person: 8

Isolate infected person: 6

Isolate infected person: 8

30

Avoid sleeping with people: 2

Avoid sleeping with people: 2

Avoid sleeping with people: 4

Avoid sleeping with people: 2

10

18

Environmental factors promoting for recurrent outbreak

Heat and dry weather: 7

Heat and dry weather: 7

Heat and dry weather: 7

Heat and dry weather: 10

31

Sanitation: 3

Sanitation: 3

Sanitation: 3

Sanitation: 0

9

19

Factors that promote the spread of meningitis

Poor sanitation: 6

Poor sanitation: 6

Poor sanitation: 6

Poor sanitation: 2

20

Poor ventilation: 4

Poor ventilation: 4

Poor ventilation: 4

Poor ventilation:8

20