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Table 1 Demographic characteristics of hospitalized laboratory-confirmed influenza cases of the Vigilancia Integrada Comunitaria (VICo) Respiratory Surveillance System, 2008–2012

From: Hospitalization and death among patients with influenza, Guatemala, 2008–2012

Characteristics

Guatemala Cityan = 60

Quetzaltenango (Xela) n = 224

Santa Rosa (Cuilapa) n = 162

Total n = 446

p-value

Age (years)

 M±ð»å¾±²¹²Ô

1.2

5.9

2.1

2.4

&±ô³Ù; 0.01b

 M±ð²¹²Ô

4.5

24.3

15.3

18.3

 R²¹²Ô²µ±ð

0.06–83.3

0.04–89.8

0.03–80.9

0.02–83.6

Age Group

 0–2

38 (63)

86 (38)

81 (50)

205 (46)

&±ô³Ù; 0.01c

 â¶Ä‰&²µ³Ù; 2–5

18 (30)

25 (11)

13 (8)

56 (13)

 â¶Ä‰&²µ³Ù; 5–15

0

13 (6)

21 (13)

34 (8)

 â¶Ä‰&²µ³Ù; 15–50

2 (3)

44 (20)

25 (15)

71 (16)

 â¶Ä‰&²µ³Ù; 50–65

1 (2)

26 (12)

9 (6)

36 (8)

 â¶Ä‰&²µ³Ù; 65

1 (2)

30 (13)

13 (8)

44 (10)

Sex

 M²¹±ô±ð

30 (50)

132 (59)

92 (57)

254 (57)

0.46c

Ethnicity

 I²Ô»å¾±²µ±ð²Ô´Ç³Ü²õ

5 (8)

146 (69)

6 (4)

157 (36)

&±ô³Ù; 0.01c

 L²¹»å¾±²Ô´Ç

55 (92)

65 (31)

155 (96)

275 (64)

Monthly Income

 ≤Ìý²Ï1,000e

5 (8)

109 (64)

121 (75)

235 (53)

&±ô³Ù; 0.01c

 â¶Ä‰&²µ³Ù; Q1,000

54 (90)

62 (28)

40 (25)

156 (35)

 M¾±²õ²õ¾±²Ô²µ

1 (2)

53 (24)

1 (0.6)

55 (12)

Parent’s educationf for children under five (n = 261)

 N´Ç²Ô±ð

5 (9)

23 (22)

26 (28)

54 (21)

&±ô³Ù; 0.01c

 P°ù¾±³¾²¹°ù²â

41 (73)

67 (63)

67 (72)

175 (69)

â€Çȱ𳦴DzԻ岹°ù²â

10 (18)

16 (15)

0 (0)

26 (10)

Adult patient’s education (n = 185)

 N´Ç²Ô±ð

1 (25)

24 (21)

20 (29)

45 (24)

0.03d

 P°ù¾±³¾²¹°ù²â

3 (75)

51 (45)

21 (31)

75 (41)

â€Çȱ𳦴DzԻ岹°ù²â

0 (0)

15 (13)

3 (4)

18 (10)

 M¾±²õ²õ¾±²Ô²µ

0 (0)

23 (20)

24 (35)

47 (25)

  1. a Instituto Guatemalteca Seguridad Social, Zona 9
  2. b Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test for equal median
  3. c Chi-square
  4. d Fisher’s exact test
  5. e Q = Quetzal with exchange rate during study of approximately 7.8 Q per dollar; Q1,000 = $128.21
  6. f Primary School is up through 6th grade (12 years of age), then Basic (12–15) and high school is up to 17 or 18