Table 2 Baseline anthropometric and demographic parameters among MyBFF@school participants in primary and secondary schools. Means at baseline were compared between boys and the girls using independent samples t-tests. Baseline categorical variables were compared using the chi-squared test
Characteristics | Primary school | Secondary school | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 听 | (苍鈥�=鈥�1397) | (苍鈥�=鈥�1041) | ||||||
Overall | Boys | Girls | p-value | Overall | Boys | Girls | p-value | |
Age (years), mean (SD) | 9.9 (0.8) | 9.9 (0.8) | 9.8 (0.8) | NS | 14.2 (1.4) | 14.1 (1.4) | 14.2 (1.3) | NS |
Gender, n (%): | ||||||||
Boys | 751 (53.8) | 听 | 听 | 听 | 430 (41.3) | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Girls | 646 (46.2) | 听 | 听 | 听 | 611 (58.7) | 听 | 听 | 听 |
Ethnicity, n (%): | ||||||||
Malay | 821 (58.8) | 413 (66.4) | 408 (73.5) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 | 700 (67.2) | 282 (75.2) | 418 (75.5) | 0.03 |
Chinese | 214 (15.3) | 139 (22.3) | 75 (13.5) | 听 | 58 (5.6) | 16 (4.3) | 42 (7.6) | 听 |
Indian | 97 (6.9) | 44 (7.1) | 53 (9.5) | 听 | 136 (13.1) | 66 (17.6) | 70 (12.6) | 听 |
Others | 45 (3.2) | 26 (4.2) | 19 (3.4) | 听 | 35 (3.4) | 11 (2.9) | 24 (4.3) | 听 |
Location, n (%): | ||||||||
Urban | 865 (61.9) | 472 (62.8) | 393 (60.8) | NS | 666 (64.0) | 288 (67.0) | 378 (61.9) | NS |
Rural | 532 (38.1) | 279 (37.2) | 253 (39.2) | 听 | 375 (36.0) | 142 (33.0) | 233 (38.1) | 听 |
BMI z-score, mean (SD) | 鈥�+鈥�2.29 (0.81) | 鈥�+鈥�2.42 (0.86) | 鈥�+鈥�2.15 (0.73) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 | 鈥�+鈥�2.10 (0.71) | 鈥�+鈥�2.23 (0.72) | 鈥�+鈥�2.07 (0.72) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD) | 75.0 (9.6) | 75.7 (9.8) | 74.2 (9.2) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 | 85.5 (10.9) | 88.9 (11.2) | 83.2 (10.1) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Percentage body fat (%), mean (SD) | 37.8 (6.5) | 37.2 (6.8) | 38.5 (6.2) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 | 39.2 (7.3) | 35.5 (7.9) | 42.0 (5.2) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Skeletal muscle mass (kg), mean (SD) | 14.7 (2.9) | 14.7 (2.7) | 14.6 (3.2) | NS | 23.1 (5.2) | 25.9 (6.0) | 21.1 (3.3) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Weight status, n (%): | ||||||||
Overweight (BMI z-score鈥�> +鈥�1 and鈥夆墹 +鈥�2) | 554 (39.7) | 261 (34.8) | 292 (45.2) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 | 485 (46.6) | 164 (38.1) | 321 (52.5) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Obese (BMI z-score鈥�> +鈥�2 and鈥夆墹 +鈥�3) | 597 (42.7) | 320 (42.6) | 277 (42.9) | 听 | 437 (42.0) | 211 (49.1) | 226 (37.0) | 听 |
Morbidly obese (BMI z-score鈥�> +鈥�3) | 246 (17.6) | 170 (22.6) | 77 (11.9) | 听 | 119 (11.4) | 55 (12.8) | 64 (10.5) | 听 |
Abdominal obesity (waist circumference鈥夆墺鈥�90th percentile) | 926 (66.9) | 424 (56.8) | 502 (78.6) | 鈥�&濒迟;鈥�0.001 | 644 (62.0) | 263 (61.2) | 381 (62.7) | NS |