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Parenting style

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1.34

0.65;2.75

0.429

1.02

0.48;2.17

0.953

 I²Ô»å³Ü±ô²µ±ð²Ô³Ù

0.53

0.25;1.11

0.091

0.61

0.25;1.48

0.272

 N±ð²µ±ô¾±²µ±ð²Ô³Ù

0.67

0.34;1.33

0.249

0.46

0.22;0.97

0.041

Initiation to drug use

Alcohol

0.86

0.22; 3.51

0.841

1,26

0.06; 28.74

0.885

 Binge drinking

0.54

0.08; 3.85

0.541

1.77

0.21; 15.03

0.602

 T´Ç²ú²¹³¦³¦´Ç

1.02

0.18,5.74

0.981

1.53

0.15;15.58

0.718

 I²Ô³ó²¹±ô²¹²Ô³Ù²õ

1.31

0.48;3.56

0.592

4.6

0.24;86.62;

0.308

Risk perception of drug use

â€Çã±ô³¦´Ç³ó´Ç±ô

0.83

0.53;1.32

0.448

0.90

0.57;1.44

0.670

 T´Ç²ú²¹³¦³¦´Ç

0.79

0.49;1.28

0.346

0.82

0.50;1.34

0.421

 M²¹°ù¾±³ó³Ü²¹²Ô²¹

0.70

0.41;1.20

0.190

0.80

0.46;1.40

0.441

Frequency of alcohol consumption (caregivers)

 N±ð±¹±ð°ù

 Monthly or less

0.74

0.38; 1.46

0.388

0.88

0.42; 1.86

0.744

 2 to 4 times a month

 2 to 3 times a week

 4 or more times a week

Binge drinking (caregivers)

0.41

0.15; 1.07

0.067

0.24

0.08; 0.74

0.013

Child’s exposure to caregivers’ drug use

 Social drinking

1.23

0.62;2.44

0.549

0.88

0.41;1.91

0.750

 Get drunk

1.29

0.39;4.22

0.677

0.67

0.19;2.41

0.540

â€Çȳ¾´Ç°ì±ð

1.15

0.38;3.49

0.805

1.02

0.30;3.53

0.971

Family violence

 Non-violent discipline

-0.20

-0.29;0.24

0.858

0.19

-0.09;0.48

0.183

 Verbal discipline

0.13

-0.06; 0.31

0.169

0.18

-0.02;0.37

0.083

 Physical discipline

0.20

-0.08;0.48

0.162

0.01

-0.29;0.31

0.924

Total violence

0.42

-0.05;0.89

0.077

0.47

-0.03;0.97

0.063

Parental Skills

 Rules and expectations about drug use

0.34

-0.22; 0.91

0.234

0.43

0.03; 0.83

0.033

 Parental monitoring

0.19

-0.61; 0.98

0.646

0.07

-0.54; 0.68

0.820

 Parental expectations

-0.29

-1.38; 0.81

0.605

0.05

-1.25; 1.36

0.933

 Quality of parent-child relationship

0.31

-0.66; 1.28

0.527

0.09

-0.94; 1.11

0.868

 Family problem-solving skills

0.86

-1.45; 3.19

0.465

0.21

-2.06; 2.48

0.856

 Positive parental practices

0.31

-1.60; 1.43

0.753

-0.08

-1.60; 1.43

0.912

 Goal communication

0.20

-0.30; 0.70

0.434

0.07

-0.30; 0.44

0.721

Adolescent’s Socioemotional skills

 Parental expectations

0.25

-0.53; 1.04

0.526

0.32

-0.48; 1.13

0.430

 Quality of parent-child relationship

-0.31

-1.14; 0.52

0.461

0.12

-0.55; 0.80

0.720

 Family problem-solving skills

0.09

-0.54; 0.72

0.787

0.79

0.11; 1.46

0.022

 Stress management skills

-0.06

-0.05; 0.40

0.794

0.65

0.16; 1.15

0.009

 Family communications skills

-0.08

-0.66; 0.49

0.773

0.22

− 0.039; 0.83

0.482

 Rules and expectations about drug use

0.04

-0.28; 0.37

0.800

0.06

-0.28; 0.42

0.714

 Peer pressure skills

-0.26

-0.91; 0.40

0.443

0.05

-0.64; 0.75

0.876

 Future Orientation

-0.03

-0.54; 0.48

0.909

-0.09

-0.64; 0.46

0.746