Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants in a cross-sectional study on Dietary Quality indicators and gallstones based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2017鈥�2020
From: Association of dietary quality indicators with gallstones in the US: NHANES 2017鈥�2020
Variables | Overall (n鈥�=鈥�6623) | Gallstones | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
NO (n鈥�=鈥�5889) | YES (n鈥�=鈥�734) | |||
Age, Median (Q1-Q3) | 52.00 (36.00鈥�64.00) | 51.00 (35.00鈥�63.00) | 61.00 (46.25-71.00) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Age, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
&濒迟;鈥�40 | 1993 (30.09%) | 1881 (31.94%) | 112 (15.26%) | 听 |
40鈥�60 | 2210 (33.37%) | 1975 (33.54%) | 235 (32.02%) | 听 |
鈮モ赌�60 | 2420 (36.54%) | 2033 (34.52%) | 387 (52.72%) | 听 |
Gender, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Male | 3163 (47.76%) | 2951 (50.11%) | 212 (28.88%) | 听 |
Female | 3460 (52.24%) | 2938 (49.89%) | 522 (71.12%) | 听 |
Race, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Mexican American | 736 (11.11%) | 652 (11.07%) | 84 (11.44%) | 听 |
Other Hispanic | 655 (9.89%) | 574 (9.75%) | 81 (11.04%) | 听 |
Non-Hispanic White | 2390 (36.09%) | 2064 (35.05%) | 326 (44.41%) | 听 |
Non-Hispanic Black | 1859 (28.07%) | 1701 (28.88%) | 158 (21.53%) | 听 |
Other Race | 983 (14.84%) | 898 (15.25%) | 85 (11.58%) | 听 |
Education level, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.014 |
Less than 9th grade | 390 (5.89%) | 354 (6.01%) | 36 (4.90%) | 听 |
9-11th grade | 689 (10.40%) | 609 (10.34%) | 78 (10.63%) | 听 |
High school graduate/GED or equivalent | 1562 (23.58%) | 1379 (23.42%) | 185 (25.20%) | 听 |
Some college or AA degree | 2259 (34.11%) | 1981 (33.64%) | 278 (37.87%) | 听 |
College graduate or above | 1723 (26.02%) | 1566 (26.59%) | 157 (21.39%) | 听 |
Income-to-poverty ratio, n (%) | 2.32 (1.35鈥�3.98) | 2.32 (1.35鈥�3.98) | 2.32 (1.35鈥�3.70) | 0.207 |
BMI, Median (Q1-Q3) | 29.00 (25.10鈥�33.90) | 28.70 (24.80鈥�33.50) | 31.90 (27.90鈥�37.90) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
BMI, kg/m2, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Normal weight | 1603 (24.20%) | 1520 (25.81%) | 83 (11.31%) | 听 |
Overweight | 2095 (31.63%) | 1888 (32.06%) | 207 (28.20%) | 听 |
Obese | 2925 (44.16%) | 2481 (42.13%) | 444 (60.49%) | 听 |
Large weight loss, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 1461 (22.06%) | 1262 (21.43%) | 199 (27.11%) | 听 |
No | 5162 (77.94%) | 4627 (78.57%) | 535 (72.89%) | 听 |
Alcohol use, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.895 |
Yes | 6046 (91.29%) | 5375 (91.27%) | 671 (91.42%) | 听 |
No | 577 (8.71%) | 514 (8.73%) | 63 (8.58%) | 听 |
Smoking, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Never smokers | 3831 (57.84%) | 3445 (58.50%) | 386 (52.59%) | 听 |
Previous smokers | 1611 (24.32%) | 1378 (23.40%) | 233 (31.74%) | 听 |
Occasional smokers | 268 (4.05%) | 248 (4.21%) | 20 (2.72%) | 听 |
Daily smokers | 913 (13.79%) | 818 (13.89%) | 95 (12.94%) | 听 |
Physical activity, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | 0.210 |
Yes | 2995 (45.22%) | 2679 (45.49%) | 316 (43.05%) | 听 |
No | 3628 (54.78%) | 3210 (54.51%) | 418 (56.95%) | 听 |
Diabetes, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 1053 (15.90%) | 855 (14.52%) | 198 (26.98%) | 听 |
No | 5570 (84.10%) | 5034 (85.48%) | 536 (73.02%) | 听 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 2598 (39.23%) | 2189 (37.17%) | 409 (55.72%) | 听 |
No | 4025 (60.77%) | 3700 (62.83%) | 325 (44.28%) | 听 |
Heart failure, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 243 (3.67%) | 189 (3.21%) | 54 (7.36%) | 听 |
No | 6380 (96.33%) | 5700 (96.79%) | 680 (92.64%) | 听 |
Coronary heart disease, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 310 (4.68%) | 243 (4.13%) | 67 (9.13%) | 听 |
No | 6313 (95.32%) | 5646 (95.87%) | 667 (90.87%) | 听 |
Angina pectoris, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 175 (2.64%) | 125 (2.12%) | 50 (6.81%) | 听 |
No | 6448 (97.36%) | 5764 (97.88%) | 684 (93.19%) | 听 |
Heart attack, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 305 (4.61%) | 243 (4.13%) | 62 (8.45%) | 听 |
No | 6318 (95.39%) | 5646 (95.87%) | 672 (91.55%) | 听 |
Estrogen use status, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 125 (1.89%) | 116 (1.97%) | 9 (1.23%) | 听 |
No | 2543 (38.40%) | 2390 (40.58%) | 153 (20.84%) | 听 |
Other | 3955 (59.72%) | 3383 (57.45%) | 572 (77.93%) | 听 |
Antihyperglycemic drug use status, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 147 (2.22%) | 126 (2.14%) | 21 (2.86%) | 听 |
No | 2543 (38.40%) | 2390 (40.58%) | 153 (20.84%) | 听 |
Other | 3933 (59.38%) | 3373 (57.28%) | 560 (76.29%) | 听 |
Statin use status, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 432 (6.52%) | 378 (6.42%) | 54 (7.36%) | 听 |
No | 2543 (38.40%) | 2390 (40.58%) | 153 (20.84%) | 听 |
Other | 3648 (55.08%) | 3121 (53.00%) | 527 (71.80%) | 听 |
Glucocorticosteroid use status, n (%) | 听 | 听 | 听 | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Yes | 64 (0.97%) | 55 (0.93%) | 9 (1.23%) | 听 |
No | 2543 (38.40%) | 2390 (40.58%) | 153 (20.84%) | 听 |
Other | 4016 (60.64%) | 3444 (58.48%) | 572 (77.93%) | 听 |
Energy, Median (Q1-Q3) | 1912.00 (1453.00-2481.00) | 1931.00 (1462.00-2499.50) | 1802.00 (1386.38-2333.75) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
Total cholesterol, Median (Q1-Q3) | 183.00 (159.00-209.00) | 183.00 (159.00-209.00) | 183.00 (158.00-208.75) | 0.619 |
DII, Median (Q1-Q3) | 1.43 (0.10鈥�2.55) | 1.40 (0.08鈥�2.51) | 1.71 (0.32鈥�2.84) | &濒迟;鈥�0.001 |
AHEI, Median (Q1-Q3) | 37.64 (29.91鈥�46.05) | 37.64 (29.92鈥�46.17) | 37.55 (29.90-45.53) | 0.483 |
HEI2020, Median (Q1-Q3) | 49.71 (41.73鈥�58.83) | 49.84 (41.75鈥�58.89) | 48.63 (41.55鈥�58.32) | 0.162 |
DASH, Median (Q1-Q3) | 26.50 (24.50鈥�28.50) | 26.50 (24.50鈥�28.50) | 26.50 (24.50鈥�29.00) | 0.843 |
MED, Median (Q1-Q3) | 6.00 (5.00-6.50) | 6.00 (5.00-6.50) | 6.00 (5.00-6.50) | 0.939 |