Smartphone addiction among elderly individuals: its relationship with physical activity, activities of daily living, and balance levels

Table 3 Comparisons Between Groups with and without Smartphone Addiction on Key Variables (N=94)

Scales	No smartphone addiction (n=49)		Having a smartphone addiction (n=45)		听
听	Mean	SD	Mean	SD	Test statistic	P value
FAB-T	27.53	7.93	25.97	8.60	0.910	0.365
PASE Total	217.69	65.25	115.84	61.11	7.791	<0.001
PASE work-related activities	23.46	33.11	8.84	20.69	2.541	0.013
PASE household	75.44	44.67	44.73	37.38	3.598	0.001
PASE leisure time	118.77	38.71	187.0	62.26	7.063	<0.001
Lawton IADL	7.24	1.03	6.06	1.62	4.225	<0.001
TUG	15.15	3.81	15.59	5.28	-0.471	0.644

FAB-T Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale, Lawton IADL The Lawton Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale, PASE Physical Activity Scale for The Elderly, SAS-SV Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version, SD Standard Deviation, TUG Timed Up and Go Test

ISSN: 1471-2458