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TableÌý1 The general characteristics of the population in NHANESE 2001–2018

From: The impact of dietary copper intake on cardiovascular morbidity and mortality among hypertensive patients: a longitudinal analysis from NHANES (2001–2018)

Variable

Total

No-CVD

CVD

P

Age

54.66 ±â¶Ä‰0.20

53.29 ±â¶Ä‰0.21

62.46 ±â¶Ä‰0.30

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

Copper (mg/day)

1.26 ±â¶Ä‰0.01

1.27 ±â¶Ä‰0.01

1.17 ±â¶Ä‰0.02

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

BMI

31.20 ±â¶Ä‰0.09

31.10 ±â¶Ä‰0.10

31.75 ±â¶Ä‰0.20

0.002

Sex

ÌýÌýÌý

0.002

 F±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð

7255(49.46)

6119(50.08)

1136(45.95)

Ìý

 M²¹±ô±ð

7422(50.54)

5981(49.92)

1441(54.05)

Ìý

Ethic

ÌýÌýÌý

0.01

 B±ô²¹³¦°ì

4051(13.87)

3317(13.68)

734(14.94)

Ìý

 M±ð³æ¾±³¦²¹²Ô

2078 (5.69)

1795(5.97)

283(4.12)

Ìý

 O³Ù³ó±ð°ù

2217 (9.93)

1893(10.02)

324 (9.42)

Ìý

 W³ó¾±³Ù±ð

6331 (70.51)

5095(70.33)

1236(71.52)

Ìý

Education

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 Less than 9th grade

1808 (6.01)

1422(5.47)

386(9.07)

Ìý

 9-11th grade (Includes 12th grade with no diploma)

2275(11.57)

1779(10.92)

496(15.28)

Ìý

 High school graduate/GED or equivalent

3591(25.68)

2940(25.26)

651(28.04)

Ìý

 Some college or AA degree

4233(32.14)

3502(32.25)

731(31.48)

Ìý

 College graduate or above

2770(24.61)

2457(26.10)

313(16.13)

Ìý

Diabetes

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 D²Ñ

4328(24.00)

3152(20.83)

1176(42.01)

Ìý

 I¹ó³Ò

814 (6.28)

676(6.17)

138(6.92)

Ìý

 I³Ò°Õ

521 (3.41)

438(3.48)

83(3.00)

Ìý

 N´Ç

9014(66.31)

7834(69.53)

1180(48.07)

Ìý

Smoke

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 F´Ç°ù³¾±ð°ù

4382(30.68)

3367(29.05)

1015(39.91)

Ìý

 N±ð±¹±ð°ù

7217(48.98)

6281(51.35)

936(35.57)

Ìý

 N´Çw

3078(20.34)

2452(19.61)

626(24.52)

Ìý

Alcohol user

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 F´Ç°ù³¾±ð°ù

3176(18.17)

2341(16.21)

835(29.28)

Ìý

‽ö±ð²¹±¹²â

2441(17.77)

2130(18.61)

311(13.01)

Ìý

 M¾±±ô»å

4971(37.54)

4155(37.93)

816(35.33)

Ìý

 M´Ç»å±ð°ù²¹³Ù±ð

1978(15.40)

1732(16.26)

246(10.56)

Ìý

 N±ð±¹±ð°ù

2111(11.11)

1742(10.99)

369(11.82)

Ìý

Stroke

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 N´Ç

13748(95.01)

12100(100.00)

1648 (66.71)

Ìý

 Y±ð²õ

929 (4.99)

0 (0.00)

929(33.29)

Ìý

Coronary heart disease

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 N´Ç

13719(93.89)

12100(100.00)

1619 (59.28)

Ìý

 Y±ð²õ

958 (6.11)

0 (0.00)

958(40.72)

Ìý

Angina

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 N´Ç

14013(95.61)

12100(100.00)

1913 (70.76)

Ìý

 Y±ð²õ

664 (4.39)

0(0.00)

664(29.24)

Ìý

Congestive heart failure

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 N´Ç

13903(95.77)

12100(100.00)

1803 (71.77)

Ìý

 Y±ð²õ

774 (4.23)

0 (0.00)

774(28.23)

Ìý

Heart attack

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 N´Ç

13667(94.05)

12100(100.00)

1567 (60.30)

Ìý

 Y±ð²õ

1010 (5.95)

0 (0.00)

1010(39.70)

Ìý

CopperQ (mg/day)

ÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.0001

 Q1 [0,0.754]

3509(20.42)

2758(19.53)

751(25.46)

Ìý

 Q2(0.75,1.06]

3586(23.64)

2947(23.45)

639(24.67)

Ìý

 Q3(1.06,1.46]

3758(27.09)

3129(27.26)

629(26.13)

Ìý

 Q4(1.46,46.24]

3824(28.85)

3266(29.75)

558(23.74)

Ìý
  1. Percentages are calculated as column percentages based on the total number of participants in each column. P-values are derived from chi-square tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables. DM Diabetes Mellitus, IFG Impaired Fasting Glucose, IGT Impaired Glucose Tolerance. Copper intake was divided into quartiles based on the distribution among participants. The first quartile (Q1) ranged from 0 to 0.754Ìýmg/day, while the fourth quartile (Q4) ranged from 1.46 to 46.24Ìýmg/day