Effectiveness of naloxone distribution in community settings to reduce opioid overdose deaths among people who use drugs: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Table 2 Outcomes in 41 studies reporting individual-level data (2003鈥�2018)^

听	No. studies	No. Participants		Kits Distributed		Survivals Reported		Deaths Reported		Summary Survival Proportion (95% CI)*
Population served鈥�	听	听		听		听		听		听
鈥働eople who used drugs	30	64,947		75,375		8,686		100		98.3% (97.5, 98.8)
鈥僃amily, friends, others	6	7,868		8,414		239		10		95.0% (91.4, 97.1)
鈥働辞濒颈肠别	7	1,299鈥�		1,556鈥�		1,200		93		92.4% (88.9, 94.8)
Route of administration^搂	听	听		听		听		听		听
鈥僆苍箩别肠迟颈辞苍	25	15,990		19,506		3,106		15		97.9% (96.2, 98.8)
鈥僋补蝉补濒	14	56,322鈥�		63,288鈥�		6,292		178		97.7% (94.1, 97.9)
Naloxone dose (by injection)^露			听		听		听		听	听
鈥�0.4听mg	16	13,467		16,056		2,653		13		98.2% (95.8, 99.2)
鈥�0.8听mg 鈥� 2.0听mg**	5	1,658		2,110		175		0		97.0% (94.1, 98.5)
Total	41鈥�	74,114		85,345		10,125		203		97.3% (96.1, 98.2)

^See Table听3 for 2018鈥�2022 data. *Proportion surviving among events with known outcome (survival or death) calculated using random effects models. 鈥燭wo studies reported on data from both people who used drugs and other community members (family, friends, others). 鈥ata missing (no. of participants and kits) for 3 studies. ^搂Two studies that used both nasal and injected naloxone are excluded. ^露Includes only studies that used injected naloxone and specified the dose. **The dose was 1.0听mg in 3 of the 5 studies

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