Table 1 Weighted prevalence of ACEs aged <鈥�13 years by sociodemographic characteristics in the YWHHSa
| 听 | 听 | 听 | Childhood neighborhood poverty rate | Childhood household SEP | Race | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 听 | 听 | Overall | 鈥�< 10% | 10- <鈥�20% | 鈥�&驳迟;鈥�20% | High | Med | Low | NHW | NHB |
| 听 | 听 | (N鈥�= 1377) | (n鈥�= 592) | (n鈥�= 234) | (n鈥�= 367) | (n鈥�= 515) | (n鈥�= 286) | (n鈥�= 532) | (n鈥�= 716) | (n鈥�= 665) |
Mean ACE index (SE)b | 2.6 (0.1) | 2.1 (0.1) | 2.6 (0.4) | 2.9 (0.2) | 1.6 (0.1) | 2.4 (0.3) | 3.9 (0.2) | 2.3 (0.1) | 3.2 (0.2) | |
ACE name | Description of the ACE | Total | %b | %b | %b | %b | %b | %b | %b | %b |
Caregiver illness | Parent/primary caregiver had a serious physical or mental illness that affected family life or their ability to work | 12.7 | 13.7 | 12.9 | 8.6 | 7.2 | 8.3 | 21.4 | 15.2 | 8.1 |
Caregiver substance abuse | Parent/primary caregiver neglected their responsibilities, family, or work for two or more days in a row because of alcohol drinking or drug use, or their drinking or drug use created problems between them and family members | 19.7 | 20.0 | 17.6 | 18.5 | 8.7 | 17.2 | 34.9 | 21.4 | 16.4 |
Caregiver incarceration | Parent/primary caregiver served time in a prison, jail, or other correctional facility | 8.7 | 6.8 | 8.2 | 11.9 | 2.7 | 6.2 | 17.9 | 7.6 | 10.7 |
Caregiver separation | Parents/primary caregivers had gotten separated or divorced | 36.0 | 27.3 | 36.0 | 42.7 | 24.5 | 39.1 | 47.5 | 33.0 | 41.6 |
Domestic violence | Parents/caregivers/adults in home ever slapped, hit, kicked, punched, or beaten up on another | 23.1 | 16.2 | 24.1 | 26.6 | 9.7 | 25.4 | 37.8 | 19.3 | 30.2 |
Death of loved one | Experienced the death of someone close, such as a parent, primary caregiver, brother, or sister | 18.7 | 11.8 | 21.3 | 30.7 | 12.3 | 17.6 | 26.8 | 13.7 | 28.1 |
Police interaction | Picked up, arrested, taken away, or harassed by the police | 4.2 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 3.8 | 0.7 | 1.4 | 9.4 | 4.6 | 3.4 |
Personal discrimination | Experienced discrimination/unfair treatment in public, in school by staff, in school by peers, or in situations with police or legal authorities.c | 33.8 | 29.6 | 34.6 | 34.8 | 24.3 | 30.6 | 47.2 | 28.0 | 45.0 |
Vicarious discrimination | Witnessed or heard about discrimination/unfair treatment experienced by a close loved one in public, job-related situations, or situations with police or legal authorities.c | 29.1 | 15.2 | 39.2 | 47.8 | 19.4 | 28.3 | 42.3 | 12.9 | 59.8 |
Physical abuse | Parent/caregiver/adult in home ever hit, beat, kicked, or physically hurt the participant (excluding spanking) | 16.9 | 16.9 | 13.0 | 11.8 | 9.4 | 16.0 | 26.8 | 19.1 | 12.8 |
Verbal abuse | Parent/caregiver/adult in home called them names, swore at them, or put them down | 37.2 | 36.9 | 29.1 | 35.3 | 29.1 | 34.0 | 50.8 | 39.2 | 33.3 |
Sexual abuse | An adult or someone 鈮モ��5 years older touched them sexually or tried to make the participant touch them sexually OR experienced forced sex, including any type of penetration or intercourse where verbal threats, pressure, physical force, or a weapon is used. It also includes situations where they could not give consent because of being a minor, under the influence of drugs or alcohol, or asleep | 19.1 | 13.5 | 19.5 | 22.7 | 10.2 | 20.4 | 28.3 | 15.1 | 26.9 |