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Table 2 95% confidence intervals for in-sample forecasts by ARIMA Models for Ghana, Niger, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone

From: Forecasting progress: analyzing the trajectory of under-five child mortality for Ghana, Niger, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone towards SDG3 using ARIMA time series model

Year

Ghana (ARIMA 3,2,1)

Niger (ARIMA 2,2,3)

Nigeria (ARIMA 1,0,0)

Sierra Leone (ARIMA 0,2,1)

Observed

Forecast

CI

Observed

Forecast

CI

Observed

Forecast

CI

Observed

Forecast

CI

2012

63.4

63.8

62.6–63.8

126.0

125.9

121.7–128.1

131.4

131.1

129.9–132.3

148.0

147.0

146.7–149.5

2013

60.5

61.3

58.6–61.3

123.4

122.7

113.5–127.8

129.6

128.8

126.2–131.4

141.9

141.2

140.0–145.6

2014

57.8

58.8

54.4–58.8

121.6

120.5

104.5–128.5

128.0

126.5

122.2–130.8

140.0

139.5

135.3–144.4

2015

55.4

56.5

50.2–56.5

120.2

119.9

94.7–129.8

126.4

124.2

117.8–130.5

141.0

140.9

134.5–144.2

2016

53.1

54.2

45.9–54.2

119.1

118.9

84.4–131.8

124.7

121.9

113.3–130.5

126.1

126.0

120.3–140.8

2017

51.0

52.0

41.5–52.0

118.4

118.0

73.4–134.4

122.4

119.6

108.5–130.7

121.4

120.9

87.9–137.3

2018

49.1

49.9

37.0–49.9

117.7

117.0

61.8–137.5

119.6

117.3

103.5–131.0

116.8

116.0

83.6–133.8

2019

47.2

47.8

32.5–47.8

117.0

116.0

49.8–141.1

116.8

115.0

98.4–131.6

112.5

111.7

79.7–128.6

2020

45.5

45.8

27.9–45.8

116.3

115.9

37.3–145.3

113.8

112.7

93.0–132.3

108.5

108.0

76.4–125.0

2021

44.0

43.8

23.4–43.8

115.2

114.0

24.3–149.8

110.8

110.4

87.6–132.2

104.7

104.0

69.8–116.8