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Table 3 Odds ratios for more severe acute first infection symptoms among adults with a confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection, Canada, January 2020 to August 2022 (n = 7092)

From: Association between pre-existing chronic conditions and severity of first SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms among adults living in Canada: a population-based survey analysis from January 2020 to August 2022

Characteristics

uOR

95% CI

aOR

95% CI

p value*

Pre-existing chronic conditions

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý

 chronic lung disease

2.48

(1.52, 4.03)

1.98

(1.17, 3.34)

0.011

 sleep apnea

1.38

(1.08, 1.76)

1.04

(0.79, 1.37)

0.768

 a²õ³Ù³ó³¾²¹

1.46

(1.15, 1.84)

1.13

(0.89, 1.43)

0.310

 chronic heart disease

1.26

(0.88, 1.80)

0.87

(0.57, 1.32)

0.503

 d¾±²¹²ú±ð³Ù±ð²õ

0.98

(0.72, 1.33)

0.79

(0.57, 1.11)

0.177

 chronic kidney disease

1.29

(0.76, 2.19)

1.09

(0.58, 2.07)

0.782

 high blood pressure

1.3

(1.09, 1.56)

1.24

(1.02, 1.52)

0.033

 chronic blood disorder

1.54

(0.72, 3.28)

0.96

(0.40, 2.33)

0.929

 o²õ³Ù±ð´Ç±è´Ç°ù´Ç²õ¾±²õ

1.08

(0.67, 1.73)

0.63

(0.40, 1.00)

0.050

 back problems

1.48

(1.19, 1.83)

1.05

(0.82, 1.35)

0.715

 urinary incontinence

1.24

(0.84, 1.81)

0.94

(0.63, 1.39)

0.750

 bowel disorder

1.45

(1.06, 2.00)

0.92

(0.66, 1.29)

0.642

 weakened immune system

2.34

(1.66, 3.31)

1.71

(1.20, 2.44)

0.003

 chronic neurological disorder

1.17

(0.68, 2.02)

0.72

(0.41, 1.26)

0.245

 chronic fatigue syndrome or fibromyalgia

3.75

(2.20, 6.40)

2.11

(1.19, 3.75)

0.010

 s³Ù°ù´Ç°ì±ð

0.96

(0.49, 1.85)

0.66

(0.33, 1.31)

0.232

 mental health condition

1.68

(1.37, 2.07)

1.32

(1.05, 1.66)

0.019

 a°ù³Ù³ó°ù¾±³Ù¾±²õ

1.54

(1.28, 1.86)

1.11

(0.87, 1.42)

0.396

Age at infection (ref = 15–34)

-

-

-

-

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 35–49

0.99

(0.86, 1.15)

0.93

(0.80, 1.08)

0.331

 50–64

1.05

(0.89, 1.23)

0.90

(0.75, 1.08)

0.265

 65+

0.76

(0.64, 0.91)

0.59

(0.47, 0.74)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

Sex (ref = male)

-

-

-

-

-

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð

1.35

(1.19, 1.52)

Interaction

-

-

Remoteness index (ref = easily accessible area)

-

-

-

-

0.004

 accessible area

0.90

(0.78, 1.03)

0.99

(0.85, 1.15)

0.843

 less accessible area

1.05

(0.83, 1.34)

1.28

(0.99, 1.67)

0.064

 remote or very remote areas

0.26

(0.12, 0.54)

0.31

(0.13, 0.74)

0.008

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

0.53

(0.28, 0.99)

0.47

(0.24, 0.91)

0.026

Ethno-cultural composition (ref = first quintile)a

-

-

-

-

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 s±ð³¦´Ç²Ô»å

1.35

(1.11, 1.63)

1.34

(1.09, 1.64)

0.005

 t³ó¾±°ù»å

1.28

(1.08, 1.53)

1.34

(1.10, 1.63)

0.003

 f´Ç³Ü°ù³Ù³ó

1.53

(1.28, 1.83)

1.60

(1.31, 1.96)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 fifth (highest)

1.46

(1.19, 1.80)

1.58

(1.26, 1.98)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

1.49

(1.18, 1.89)

1.55

(1.15, 2.09)

0.004

Situational vulnerability (ref = first quintile)b

-

-

-

-

0.007

 s±ð³¦´Ç²Ô»å

0.93

(0.77, 1.12)

0.97

(0.80, 1.18)

0.760

 t³ó¾±°ù»å

0.98

(0.82, 1.18)

0.95

(0.78, 1.15)

0.599

 f´Ç³Ü°ù³Ù³ó

1.14

(0.94, 1.38)

1.07

(0.87, 1.31)

0.540

 fifth (highest)

0.75

(0.61, 0.93)

0.69

(0.55, 0.87)

0.002

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ôc

1.08

(0.86, 1.36)

-

-

-

Body mass index (BMI) (ref = underweight and normal weight (BMI < 25Ìýkg/m2))

-

-

-

-

-

 o±¹±ð°ù·É±ð¾±²µ³ó³Ù (25Ìýkg/m2 < = BMI < 30Ìýkg/m2)

1.07

(0.92, 1.24)

Interaction

-

-

 o²ú±ð²õ±ð (BMI > = 30Ìýkg/m2)

1.38

(1.18, 1.61)

Interaction

-

-

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

1.36

(0.85, 2.20)

Interaction

-

-

Pre-existing chronic health symptoms

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý

 loss of appetite

3.51

(1.90, 6.47)

2.03

(1.07, 3.85)

0.030

 s·É±ð±ô±ô¾±²Ô²µ

3.21

(2.13, 4.84)

1.85

(1.23, 2.79)

0.003

 s²¹»å²Ô±ð²õ²õ/±è±ð²õ²õ¾±³¾¾±²õ³¾/³ó´Ç±è±ð±ô±ð²õ²õ²Ô±ð²õ²õ/»å±ð±è°ù±ð²õ²õ¾±´Ç²Ô

1.44

(1.13, 1.83)

0.71

(0.53, 0.95)

0.021

Number of pre-existing chronic health symptoms (ref = 0)

-

-

-

-

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 1 or 2

1.34

(1.16, 1.55)

1.32

(1.14, 1.53)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 3

1.78

(1.42, 2.22)

1.83

(1.44, 2.33)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 &²µ³Ù; 3

2.29

(1.93, 2.72)

1.99

(1.59, 2.50)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

Time period of first infection (ref = pre-omicron)

-

-

-

-

0.002

 Omicron (December 1, 2021 – date of electronic questionnaire completion)

0.72

(0.60, 0.87)

0.70

(0.58, 0.86)

0.001

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

0.77

(0.18, 3.30)

1.03

(0.20, 5.20)

0.972

Household member testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection (ref = no)

-

-

-

-

0.038

 y±ð²õ

0.92

(0.80, 1.05)

0.94

(0.81, 1.09)

0.398

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

2.09

(0.95, 4.58)

2.22

(1.08, 4.53)

0.029

Interaction between sex and BMI

-

-

-

-

0.017

 male (ref = underweight or normal weight)

-

-

-

-

-

 o±¹±ð°ù·É±ð¾±²µ³ó³Ù

-

-

1.36

(1.06, 1.75)

0.014

 o²ú±ð²õ±ð

-

-

1.79

(1.36, 2.36)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

ÌýÌý

1.62

(0.06, 42.38)

0.772

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð (ref = underweight or normal weight)

-

-

-

-

-

 o±¹±ð°ù·É±ð¾±²µ³ó³Ù

-

-

1.03

(0.84, 1.27)

0.758

 o²ú±ð²õ±ð

-

-

1.05

(0.85, 1.28)

0.670

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

ÌýÌý

1.05

(0.66, 1.69)

0.834

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð underweight or normal weight (ref = male underweight or normal weight)

-

-

1.64

(1.29, 2.10)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð overweight (ref = male overweight)

-

-

1.24

(1.01, 1.54)

0.045

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð obese (ref = male obese)

-

-

0.96

(0.75, 1.22)

0.717

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð unknown (ref = male unknown)

-

-

1.07

(0.04, 27.51)

0.969

  1. Notes: Estimates for Canada exclude the territories. All estimates are weighted. The reference category for a pre-existing chronic condition or symptom are adults without the chronic condition or symptom, respectively
  2. Abbreviations: aOR = adjusted odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, n = unweighted number of respondents included in the final model, ref = reference, uOR = unadjusted odds ratio
  3. *p value is only for the fully adjusted model
  4. a Ethno-cultural composition quantifies a neighbourhood’s makeup of immigrant populations
  5. b Situational vulnerability quantifies a neighbourhood’s education level, Indigenous composition, and extent of dwellings in need of major repairs
  6. c For the dimensions of deprivation, values for an individual were either known or unknown for all dimensions. Consequently, the parameter for unknown situational vulnerability has a value of 0 in the final adjusted model because it is a linear combination of the parameter for unknown ethnocultural composition