Characteristics | uOR | 95% CI | aOR | 95% CI | p value* |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-existing chronic conditions | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý |
 chronic lung disease | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.038 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.94 | (1.12, 3.38) | 1.54 | (0.82, 2.88) | 0.181 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 3.01 | (1.82, 4.99) | 1.91 | (1.08, 3.38) | 0.027 |
sleep apnea | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.196 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.46 | (1.16, 1.84) | 1.27 | (0.98, 1.65) | 0.072 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.31 | (0.86, 2.00) | 1.00 | (0.63, 1.58) | 0.992 |
asthma | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.280 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.86 | (1.13, 3.05) | 1.29 | (0.77, 2.16) | 0.339 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.56 | (1.24, 1.96) | 1.17 | (0.92, 1.49) | 0.196 |
chronic heart disease | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.305 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.33 | (0.84, 2.11) | 1.04 | (0.62, 1.73) | 0.888 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 0.98 | (0.60, 1.60) | 0.68 | (0.41, 1.12) | 0.132 |
diabetes | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.392 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.24 | (0.83, 1.85) | 0.98 | (0.64, 1.50) | 0.920 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 0.94 | (0.65, 1.36) | 0.75 | (0.50, 1.13) | 0.172 |
chronic kidney disease | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.990 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.25 | (0.65, 2.43) | 1.06 | (0.48, 2.30) | 0.893 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 0.97 | (0.50, 1.91) | 0.98 | (0.40, 2.43) | 0.967 |
high blood pressure | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.007 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.45 | (1.16, 1.80) | 1.32 | (1.05, 1.67) | 0.018 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.27 | (1.03, 1.57) | 1.35 | (1.06, 1.71) | 0.016 |
chronic blood disorder | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.416 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.75 | (0.57, 5.36) | 0.94 | (0.26, 3.45) | 0.928 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 0.91 | (0.36, 2.33) | 0.50 | (0.18, 1.41) | 0.187 |
osteoporosis | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.029 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.46 | (0.85, 2.50) | 0.67 | (0.39, 1.15) | 0.144 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 0.81 | (0.45, 1.47) | 0.48 | (0.26, 0.89) | 0.021 |
back problems | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.246 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.37 | (1.02, 1.83) | 0.99 | (0.72, 1.37) | 0.951 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.86 | (1.50, 2.30) | 1.23 | (0.96, 1.56) | 0.097 |
urinary incontinence | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.356 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.55 | (1.06, 2.26) | 1.06 | (0.70, 1.60) | 0.792 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 0.94 | (0.50, 1.79) | 0.61 | (0.31, 1.21) | 0.157 |
bowel disorder | Ìý | Ìý | - | - | - |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.43 | (1.02, 2.00) | Interaction | - | - |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 2.05 | (1.32, 3.16) | Interaction | - | - |
weakened immune system | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.037 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 2.03 | (1.37, 2.99) | 1.43 | (0.93, 2.21) | 0.105 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 2.96 | (1.93, 4.55) | 1.57 | (1.03, 2.38) | 0.034 |
chronic neurological disorder | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.732 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.45 | (0.75, 2.81) | 0.82 | (0.44, 1.49) | 0.507 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 2.02 | (1.09, 3.76) | 1.16 | (0.57, 2.34) | 0.689 |
chronic fatigue syndrome or fibromyalgia | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.020 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 4.09 | (2.28, 7.35) | 2.13 | (1.10, 4.12) | 0.024 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 5.05 | (2.83, 8.98) | 1.83 | (0.98, 3.42) | 0.058 |
stroke | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.858 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 0.97 | (0.49, 1.94) | 0.82 | (0.35, 1.91) | 0.643 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.32 | (0.36, 4.82) | 0.81 | (0.21, 3.13) | 0.763 |
mental health condition | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.276 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.44 | (1.12, 1.86) | 1.02 | (0.79, 1.33) | 0.857 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.90 | (1.56, 2.31) | 1.20 | (0.96, 1.50) | 0.109 |
arthritis | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | 0.156 |
 diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | 1.69 | (1.32, 2.17) | 1.22 | (0.91, 1.64) | 0.180 |
 diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | 1.70 | (1.40, 2.08) | 1.22 | (0.96, 1.55) | 0.097 |
Age at infection (ref = 15–34) | - | - | - | - | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 35–49 | 1.02 | (0.90, 1.16) | 1.04 | (0.91, 1.19) | 0.568 |
 50–64 | 1.10 | (0.96, 1.26) | 0.94 | (0.81, 1.10) | 0.429 |
 65+ | 0.87 | (0.74, 1.02) | 0.68 | (0.55, 0.83) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
Sex (ref = male) | - | - | - | - | - |
 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð | 1.44 | (1.29, 1.60) | Interaction | - | - |
Ethnicity (ref = white) | - | - | - | - | 0.016 |
 I²Ô»å¾±²µ±ð²Ô´Ç³Ü²õ | 1.26 | (0.97, 1.64) | 1.13 | (0.85, 1.50) | 0.409 |
 South Asian | 0.97 | (0.71, 1.32) | 0.93 | (0.66, 1.30) | 0.653 |
 East/Southeast Asian | 0.64 | (0.51, 0.80) | 0.62 | (0.48, 0.79) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 B±ô²¹³¦°ì | 0.90 | (0.57, 1.44) | 0.81 | (0.50, 1.33) | 0.411 |
 Arab/West Asian | 0.73 | (0.48, 1.10) | 0.72 | (0.46, 1.13) | 0.152 |
 Latin American | 0.87 | (0.56, 1.34) | 0.87 | (0.57, 1.34) | 0.535 |
 M¾±³æ±ð»å/°¿³Ù³ó±ð°ù | 1.09 | (0.80, 1.47) | 1.10 | (0.80, 1.52) | 0.554 |
Ethno-cultural composition (ref = first quintile)a | - | - | - | - | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 s±ð³¦´Ç²Ô»å | 1.27 | (1.07, 1.51) | 1.23 | (1.02, 1.49) | 0.029 |
 t³ó¾±°ù»å | 1.21 | (1.03, 1.42) | 1.19 | (1.00, 1.42) | 0.051 |
 f´Ç³Ü°ù³Ù³ó | 1.40 | (1.19, 1.64) | 1.43 | (1.20, 1.71) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 fifth (highest) | 1.20 | (0.99, 1.44) | 1.41 | (1.15, 1.73) | 0.001 |
 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô | 1.37 | (1.11, 1.70) | 1.46 | (1.13, 1.88) | 0.004 |
Situational vulnerability (ref = first quintile)b | - | - | - | - | 0.001 |
 s±ð³¦´Ç²Ô»å | 0.96 | (0.82, 1.13) | 0.98 | (0.83, 1.17) | 0.825 |
 t³ó¾±°ù»å | 1.02 | (0.87, 1.19) | 0.95 | (0.80, 1.12) | 0.51 |
 f´Ç³Ü°ù³Ù³ó | 1.06 | (0.90, 1.25) | 1.00 | (0.84, 1.20) | 0.996 |
 fifth (highest) | 0.78 | (0.65, 0.93) | 0.68 | (0.56, 0.83) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ôc | 1.09 | (0.89, 1.33) | - | - | - |
Pre-existing chronic health symptoms | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý | Ìý |
 loss of appetite | 3.08 | (1.94, 4.89) | 1.96 | (1.21, 3.17) | 0.006 |
Number of pre-existing chronic health symptoms (ref = 0) | - | - | - | - | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 1 or 2 | 1.29 | (1.13, 1.47) | 1.23 | (1.08, 1.41) | 0.003 |
 3 | 1.74 | (1.43, 2.11) | 1.68 | (1.36, 2.07) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 &²µ³Ù; 3 | 2.21 | (1.92, 2.54) | 1.66 | (1.38, 1.99) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
Months since last vaccine dose prior to the month of infection (ref = 3 months or less) | - | - | - | - | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 not vaccinated | 1.95 | (1.66, 2.29) | 1.47 | (1.13, 1.93) | 0.005 |
 4–6 months | 1.23 | (1.08, 1.40) | 1.32 | (1.16, 1.51) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 > 6 months | 1.22 | (1.02, 1.46) | 1.28 | (1.06, 1.54) | 0.009 |
 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô | 1.11 | (0.76, 1.61) | 1.11 | (0.77, 1.62) | 0.571 |
Time period of first infection (ref = pre-omicron) | - | - | - | - | 0.007 |
 Omicron (December 1, 2021 – date of electronic questionnaire completion) | 0.57 | (0.50, 0.66) | 0.67 | (0.52, 0.86) | 0.002 |
 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô | 1.14 | (0.42, 3.11) | 1.30 | (0.04, 47.38) | 0.885 |
Household member testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 infection (ref = no) | - | - | - | - | 0.001 |
 y±ð²õ | 0.76 | (0.68, 0.85) | 0.84 | (0.75, 0.95) | 0.005 |
 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô | 1.42 | (0.73, 2.77) | 1.79 | (0.91, 3.52) | 0.094 |
Interaction between sex and bowel disorder | - | - | - | - | 0.043 |
 Male (ref = no bowel disorder) | - | - | - | - | - |
 bowel disorder diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | - | - | 1.06 | (0.60, 1.88) | 0.840 |
 bowel disorder diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | - | - | 0.55 | (0.24, 1.28) | 0.166 |
 Female (ref = no bowel disorder) | - | - | - | - | - |
 bowel disorder diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection | - | - | 0.87 | (0.55, 1.39) | 0.567 |
 bowel disorder diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection | - | - | 1.78 | (1.15, 2.74) | 0.009 |
 Female no bowel disorder (ref = male no bowel disorder) | - | - | 1.29 | (1.14, 1.45) | &±ô³Ù; 0.001 |
 Female bowel disorder diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection (ref = male bowel disorder diagnosed less than 10 years prior to infection) | - | - | 1.06 | (0.51, 2.18) | 0.881 |
 Female bowel disorder diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection (ref = male bowel disorder diagnosed 10 or more years prior to infection) | - | - | 4.16 | (1.62, 10.68) | 0.003 |