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Table 5 Odds ratios for severea acute first infection symptoms among adults with a self-reported confirmed or suspected SARS-CoV-2 infection, Canada, January 2020 to August 2022 (n = 9107)

From: Association between pre-existing chronic conditions and severity of first SARS-CoV-2 infection symptoms among adults living in Canada: a population-based survey analysis from January 2020 to August 2022

Characteristics

uOR

95% CI

aOR

95% CI

p value*

Pre-existing chronic conditions

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý

 chronic lung disease

2.92

(2.02, 4.20)

1.55

(0.97, 2.46)

0.064

 sleep apnea

1.57

(1.21, 2.03)

0.92

(0.65, 1.30)

0.631

 a²õ³Ù³ó³¾²¹

1.83

(1.44, 2.33)

1.12

(0.83, 1.50)

0.469

 chronic heart disease

1.43

(0.93, 2.20)

0.82

(0.50, 1.35)

0.441

 d¾±²¹²ú±ð³Ù±ð²õ

1.75

(1.34, 2.28)

1.15

(0.84, 1.59)

0.383

 chronic kidney disease

0.65

(0.31, 1.38)

0.38

(0.15, 0.92)

0.032

 high blood pressure

1.70

(1.40, 2.06)

1.17

(0.88, 1.55)

0.275

 chronic blood disorder

1.74

(0.87, 3.46)

0.80

(0.34, 1.88)

0.609

 o²õ³Ù±ð´Ç±è´Ç°ù´Ç²õ¾±²õ

1.68

(1.13, 2.49)

0.83

(0.51, 1.34)

0.443

 back problems

2.10

(1.73, 2.55)

1.20

(0.88, 1.63)

0.247

 urinary incontinence

1.42

(0.94, 2.16)

0.74

(0.47, 1.18)

0.211

 bowel disorder

2.20

(1.66, 2.92)

1.17

(0.83, 1.64)

0.374

 weakened immune system

2.62

(1.93, 3.56)

1.40

(0.94, 2.10)

0.098

 chronic neurological disorder

2.23

(1.44, 3.44)

1.11

(0.63, 1.93)

0.724

 chronic fatigue syndrome or fibromyalgia

4.88

(3.18, 7.47)

2.09

(1.23, 3.53)

0.006

 s³Ù°ù´Ç°ì±ð

1.20

(0.57, 2.50)

0.56

(0.25, 1.25)

0.157

 mental health condition

1.93

(1.61, 2.32)

1.15

(0.86, 1.53)

0.343

 a°ù³Ù³ó°ù¾±³Ù¾±²õ

2.13

(1.77, 2.57)

1.14

(0.84, 1.54)

0.402

Age at infection (ref = 15–34)

-

-

-

-

0.481

 35–49

1.11

(0.92, 1.33)

1.06

(0.87, 1.29)

0.593

 50–64

1.29

(1.06, 1.56)

0.98

(0.78, 1.23)

0.842

 65+

1.18

(0.94, 1.48)

0.85

(0.62, 1.15)

0.280

Sex (ref = male)

-

-

-

-

-

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð

1.33

(1.16, 1.56)

Interaction

-

-

Number of pre-existing chronic health conditions (ref = 0)

-

-

-

-

0.013

 1

1.35

(1.11, 1.63)

1.10

(0.85, 1.42)

0.475

 2

2.62

(2.10, 3.28)

1.72

(1.13, 2.61)

0.011

 3

2.50

(1.92, 3.27)

1.34

(0.76, 2.35)

0.314

 &²µ³Ù; 3

3.48

(2.74, 4.43)

1.28

(0.55, 2.98)

0.565

Ethno-cultural composition (ref = first quintile)b

-

-

-

-

0.014

 s±ð³¦´Ç²Ô»å

1.38

(1.08, 1.75)

1.32

(1.02, 1.71)

0.036

 t³ó¾±°ù»å

1.12

(0.89, 1.41)

1.11

(0.85, 1.44)

0.435

 f´Ç³Ü°ù³Ù³ó

1.16

(0.92, 1.47)

1.26

(0.97, 1.63)

0.089

 fifth (highest)

1.27

(0.97, 1.65)

1.35

(1.00, 1.82)

0.047

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

1.47

(1.11, 1.95)

1.71

(1.25, 2.35)

0.001

Region of residence (ref = Ontario)

-

-

-

-

0.012

 British Columbia

1.14

(0.92, 1.41)

1.10

(0.88, 1.39)

0.408

 P°ù²¹¾±°ù¾±±ð²õ

0.89

(0.73, 1.09)

0.75

(0.60, 0.94)

0.011

 Q³Ü±ð²ú±ð³¦

0.77

(0.63, 0.94)

0.89

(0.71, 1.11)

0.289

 Atlantic Canada

0.95

(0.78, 1.15)

0.97

(0.77, 1.21)

0.768

Body mass index (BMI) (ref = underweight and normal weight (BMI < 25Ìýkg/m2))

-

-

-

-

-

 o±¹±ð°ù·É±ð¾±²µ³ó³ÙÌý (25Ìýkg/m2 < = BMI < 30Ìýkg/m2)

1.00

(0.83, 1.21)

Interaction

-

-

 o²ú±ð²õ±ð (BMI > = 30Ìýkg/m2)

1.63

(1.35, 1.98)

Interaction

-

-

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

1.22

(0.69, 2.18)

Interaction

-

-

Pre-existing chronic health symptoms

ÌýÌýÌýÌýÌý

 loss of appetite

3.63

(2.33, 5.63)

2.13

(1.31, 3.46)

0.002

Number of pre-existing chronic health symptoms (ref = 0)

-

-

-

-

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 1 or 2

1.51

(1.25, 1.83)

1.37

(1.12, 1.67)

0.002

 3

1.87

(1.44, 2.43)

1.62

(1.21, 2.16)

0.001

 &²µ³Ù; 3

2.86

(2.39, 3.43)

1.87

(1.45, 2.39)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

Months since last vaccine dose prior to the month of infection (ref= <=3 months)

ÌýÌýÌýÌý

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 Not vaccinated

2.73

(2.22, 3.34)

1.76

(1.31, 2.37)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 4–6 months

1.19

(0.96, 1.47)

1.29

(1.04, 1.61)

0.019

 > 6 months

1.52

(1.17, 1.97)

1.67

(1.27, 2.19)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 U²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

1.60

(0.95, 2.71)

1.28

(0.75, 2.19)

0.362

Time period of first infection (ref = pre-omicron)

-

-

-

-

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 OmicronÌý (December 1, 2021 – date of electronic questionnaire completion)

0.41

(0.35, 0.48)

0.50

(0.38, 0.66)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

1.48

(0.56, 3.87)

1.95

(0.68, 5.54)

0.212

Interaction between sex and BMI

-

-

-

-

0.003

 male (ref = underweight or normal weight)

-

-

-

-

-

 o±¹±ð°ù·É±ð¾±²µ³ó³Ù

-

-

1.27

(0.89, 1.81)

0.183

 o²ú±ð²õ±ð

-

-

2.21

(1.54, 3.18)

&±ô³Ù; 0.001

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

ÌýÌý

2.88

(0.15, 53.63)

0.478

female (ref = underweight or normal weight)

-

-

-

-

-

 o±¹±ð°ù·É±ð¾±²µ³ó³Ù

-

-

0.92

(0.71, 1.21)

0.562

 o²ú±ð²õ±ð

-

-

1.02

(0.80, 1.31)

0.848

 u²Ô°ì²Ô´Ç·É²Ô

ÌýÌý

0.73

(0.38, 1.40)

0.346

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð underweight or normal weight (ref = male underweight or normal weight)

-

-

1.81

(1.27, 2.56)

0.001

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð overweight (ref = male overweight)

-

-

1.31

(1.00, 1.72)

0.051

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð obese (ref = male obese)

-

-

0.84

(0.64, 1.09)

0.180

 f±ð³¾²¹±ô±ð unknown (ref = male unknown)

-

-

0.46

(0.02, 8.96)

0.607

  1. Notes: Estimates for Canada exclude the territories. All estimates are weighted. The reference category for a pre-existing chronic condition or symptom are adults without the chronic condition or symptom, respectively
  2. Abbreviations: aOR = adjusted odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, n = unweighted number of respondents included in the final model, ref = reference, uOR = unadjusted odds ratio
  3. *p value is only for the fully adjusted model
  4. a Severe symptoms were defined as significantly affecting daily life or requiring hospitalization
  5. b Ethno-cultural composition quantifies a neighbourhood’s makeup of immigrant populations